By Adah Marie Guy - delmarvaNOW.com
My readers have asked me, "What is a tetraplegic?" It's time to answer their questions.
I
am a tetraplegic. Because you won't find Adah Marie Guy listed under
tetraplegic, I'll explain it to you. Bear with me, though. I'll try my
hardest to define a tetraplegic in layman's terms.
An
insight into living with a spinal cord injury Web site defines a
tetraplegic as "someone who is paralyzed because the spinal cord in
their neck region has been damaged in some way."
The higher your spinal cord is damaged, the less mobility you'll have.
I,
for example, can't move anything below my injury, medulla to C-1. The
medulla is your Brain stem, and C-1 is the first vertebra in your neck.
Frankly, I can't move or feel anything below my jowl, but it's just
easier to say and easier for people to comprehend "anything below my
neck." When you press on my neck, however, I can feel pressure. But I
can't feel pressure any lower.
Both
quadri- and tetra- mean four. Naturally, most people would think that a
quadriplegic and tetraplegic can't move any of their four limbs. But
there's more to it than that.
The
National Spinal Cord Injury Association, among others, group
Tetraplegia and Quadriplegia together. That disturbs me because my
doctors always said that tetraplegia is a more severe spinal cord
injury than quadriplegia. On Jan. 12, 1993, my brain stem was contused
and spinal cord severed. My injury doesn't even involve any Vertebrae.
Quadriplegics that I've heard about only have their spinal cords damaged.
Many
people have heard about Christopher Reeve, the actor who played
Superman. He became a quadriplegic, and his injury was C-1 to C-2. I've
never heard of any one with an injury as severe as my injury.
Being
classified with people who have more mobility than I is just wrong.
Whether it be breathing on their own for a few minutes or supporting
their own head, it's still more than I can do.
Sometimes, the wrong classification can even be life-threatening.
For
15 years, I've been put in groups with mentally or physically disabled
people. Most able-bodied people think that just because I can't walk,
I'm mentally challenged. That isn't so. I hate when people talk to me
like I'm a baby, not knowing the difference between up and down.
For
that simple reason, I don't like to be classified with people who have
different injuries, and thus, face different challenges than I do. A
little more precision would be nice.
My
injury is so high that I can't even swallow my own saliva. That flap of
skin that covers the windpipe when a person swallows so nothing but air
gets to their lungs doesn't work in my throat. If I tried to swallow,
saliva would go in my lungs and I would aspirate, needing suction to
clear my airway.
When
my mom brushes my hair, I can't even feel parts of my scalp. My face
and facial muscles are basically all that I can feel and move.
You've
probably heard Paraplegic said more often than quadriplegic or
tetraplegic. Thus, many people will refer to all wheelchair-bound
people as paraplegics. But there's a big difference between being a
paraplegic and a quadriplegic or tetraplegic.
In a word: independence.
Paraplegics
have damaged their upper or lower backs. They can't voluntarily move
anything, inside or outside, below their injury. Because the highest
injury paraplegics can have is in their upper back, they can breathe on
their own and have some upper body mobility. So, they don't need a
human being watching their every move. A service dog is usually their
only companion.
On
the other hand, quadriplegics and tetraplegics have damaged their
necks. Like paraplegics, they can't move anything below their level of
injury. Breathing on their own, without the aid of a respirator, 100
percent of the time is uncommon. A constant human companion, therefore,
is needed.
Do you see "brain stem" mentioned anywhere in the brief discussion above? No.
My injury is one of a kind.